Entry Facilitation by Environmental Groups

We consider a model of vertical product differentiation where consumers care about the environmental damage their consumption causes. An environmental group is capable of increasing consumers’ environmental concern via a costly campaign. We show that the prospect of such a campaign can induce entry by a firm that is able to employ a cleaner technology than the one used by the incumbent. We further demonstrate that the subsequent competition can lead to an adverse effect on aggregate pollution, i.e. the decline in average industry pollution per product is offset by the increase in aggregate production.      

浅谈“毕业生一职难求 企业空缺难满”的怪象——加强大学生职业道德教育

大学生就业形势不断严峻。随着社会的不断发展,企业需求不断改变,职业道德的缺失成为影响大学生就业的主要原因。因此,我们应当将日常思想政治工作与职业道德教育相结合,根据职业道德教育的特点,利用社会、学较、家庭的合力,加强大学生职业道德教育。     

Values as determinants of motivation: Tourism and other career choices

Neuman, Yoram, Abraham Pizam and Arie Reichel, Values as Determinants of Motivation: Tourism and Other Career Choices. Annals of Tourism Research 1980, VII (3): 428–442. This study examined the predictive validity of work values in explaining motivational patterns of three groups of career preparation differing in their occupational specificity: Tourism/Hospitality, Management, and Liberal Arts. It was found that the higher the occupational specificity of a career preparation the higher is the predictive validity of work values in explaining work motivations. As predicted, the best relationships between values and motivation was found in the maximally specified occupation, namely: tourism/hospitality students, followed by management students with the liberal arts students — the most flexible occupational group — having the lowest relationship between values and motivation. The implications of the findings for employee selection and motivation prediction in the tourism/hospitality industry are discussed.     

Decomposing Local: A Conjoint Analysis of Locally Produced Foods

Increasingly, foods are marketed as "locally grown." We use stated preference data from a choice-based conjoint instrument to address two issues surrounding consumer demand for locally produced goods: (1) what is the geographical extent of "local," and (2) is the value consumers place on "local" production distinct from other factors that are often confounded with locally produced foods such as farm size and product freshness? We find our subjects place similar value on products produced "in state" and "nearby" and that consumers' willingness to pay for local production is independent from values associated with product freshness and farm size.     

Demand under product differentiation: an empirical analysis of the US wine market*

Oversupply has led to a number of perplexities for the Australian wine industry in recent times. When disaggregated from the industry level, however, the problem can be better described as a range of attribute‐specific disequilibria. To date, the solutions to this problem have predominantly revolved around supply‐side policies of reducing output through crop thinning or vine pulling. By contrast, this paper focuses on the demand side and argues that the disequilibria may be reduced by gaining a better understanding of the demand for Australian wine. A discrete choice model of product differentiation is used to estimate the demand for wine in Australia's second largest export market, the United States. Implications of the analysis are explored.     

Vertical differentiation with non-uniform consumers' distribution

This note explores a vertical differentiation model with a continuous non-uniform consumers' distribution. First, a result concerning the finiteness property obtained with uniform consumers' distribution is generalized. Second, we prove an existence result of price equilibrium when the distribution is concave. Finally, we exhibit a counter-example to the existence of price equilibrium to show that the concavity assumption is not superfluous.     

GB／T28001-2001视角下的新疆企业人本管理探讨

随着经济和社会的发展,新疆许多企业提出了人本管理理念,但是在实践中,有些企业只是将"以人为本"作为一个口号,并没有真正落实。本文从职业健康安全管理体系的视角探讨了其对新疆企业人本管理的促进,构建基于职业健康安全管理的企业人本管理体系。     

规模经济、产品差异化与中国入境旅游空间结构的变动

本文研究了1986年至2005年中国入境旅游空间结构的变动情况,并对两类入境旅游集中的典型地区的旅游发展路径进行了剖析.研究认为,中国入境旅游在总体趋于分散的背景下,也存在着两个明显的集聚现象.第一,长期以来入境旅游在传统旅游热点地区高度集聚;第二,云南成长为新的集聚中心.对于前者的解释是,良好的旅游基础设施和接待设施、较高的知名度使传统旅游热点地区在改革开放之初就进入了一个动态的、自我发展的良性循环.对于后者的解释是,极具地方特色的差异化旅游产品的开发与营销以及政府主导下的大规模的旅游基础设施建设使云南旅游成功地实现了从"低水平陷阱"向"自我发展的良性循环"的"惊人一跃".     

Product Location with Foresight

Traditional location literatureconcludes that firms will optimally differentiate inorder to alleviate a tendency toward competitivepricing. However, it has recently been shown thatfirms will minimally differentiate if they (correctly)anticipate an absence of price competition. Thispaper examines the relationship between productlocation and the sustainability of cooperativepricing, in horizontally and vertically differentiatedmarkets. Further, it describes equilibrium locationswhen firms are able to choose their locations jointlyand when they must choose independently.     

语义预设与规约隐涵

语义预设有典型语义预设和非典型语义预设之分。“规约隐涵”,本质上是一个语义学概念,是无须借助语境参数就可直接从语句中析出的那些非真值条件意义。它可分为普通规约隐涵和特殊规约隐涵。普通规约隐涵又可分为级差隐涵和非级差隐涵。语义预设与规约隐涵具有交叉关系;特殊规约隐涵与非典型语义预设具有属种关系,与典型语义预设具有交叉关系;典型语义预设与规约隐涵具有交叉关系,与普通规约隐涵具有对立关系。厘清语义预设和规约隐涵的概念及其相互关系,对于丰富和充实语用学、语义学的理论内涵,对于纠正目前存在的种种相关谬误,具有极其重要的意义。